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Soldati-class destroyer
The Soldati class (also known as ''Camicia Nera'' class, meaning Blackshirt) were a group of destroyers built for the Italian Navy during World War II. The ships were named after military professions (''Artigliere'', for example, meaning "artilleryman"). There were two batches; twelve ships were built in 1938–39, and a second batch of seven ships were ordered in 1942, although only five were completed.
Ten ships of the class were lost during the war. Three of the survivors were transferred to the French Navy and two to the Soviet Navy as war reparations, while two served in the Italian post-war navy, the Marina Militare.
==Design==
In 1936, the Italian Regia Marina placed an order for twelve examples of a new destroyer design, the Soldati class. The design was essentially a repeat of the previous ''Oriani'' destroyer design, which was itself a development of the . The design featured an identical main gun armament of four 120 mm/50 calibre guns in two twin turrets, one forward and one aft, while torpedo armament was two triple torpedo tubes. A short (15 calibre) 120 mm gun〔Campbell, pp.335–338〕 was mounted on a pedestal between the banks of torpedo tubes for firing starshell, while the anti-aircraft armament consisted of twelve 13.2 mm machine guns. A single ship (''Carabiniere'') was completed with a fifth 120 mm 50 calibre gun replacing the starshell gun.〔 The ships' powerplant, with two geared steam turbines driving two shafts and generating , and with one large funnel, was similar to that in the ''Oriani'' class and was sufficient to propel the destroyers to .〔Whitley 2000, pp. 169–170.〕〔Gardiner and Chesneau 1980, p. 301.〕
Orders for a second batch of seven destroyers were placed in 1940. All except one of these ships were to carry the five main gun armament of ''Carabiniere''.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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